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Session

📌Poster Session and Networking Aperitivo 🍷
Location: Lower Lobby

Presentation 18

Forest height inversion using Hongtu-1 multi-static X-band SAR tomography

Guobing Zeng

Beihang University, China, People's Republic of

Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography (TomoSAR), by virtue of its capability in three dimensional resolution, can be used to study the three dimensional structure of semi-transparent targets like forests, icebergs and snowpacks. Currently, TomoSAR measurements, especially spaceborne TomoSAR, are mostly realized by repeat-pass observations, which brings out two major problems: the first one is temporal decorrelation, and the second one is signal delay caused by troposphere or ionosphere. Severe temporal decorrelation and signal delay can lead to defocused tomogram, which make it impossible to reconstruct the three dimensional structure of a target. Unlike repeat-pass TomoSAR system, multi-static TomoSAR system collects multibaseline images simultaneously, reducing temporal decorrelation to zero and cancelling out all kinds of signal delay, which make it an ideal tool for TomoSAR three dimensional reconstruction. Hongtu-1 X-band SAR constellation, launched in 2023 and operated by PIESAT Information Technology Limited, is the world’s first spaceborne multi-static SAR system. In this paper, we conduct spaceborne multi-static TomoSAR processing and forest height estimation experiment using Hongtu-1 multi-static images. By comparing the tomograms from tropical forest and temperate forest, it is found that the X-band signal of Hongtu-1 cannot reach the ground in dense tropical forest, but it can reach the ground in temperate forest due to much smaller tree and leaf density, which means Hongtu-1 is capable of forest height measurement in temperate forest. The forest height inversion experiment is carried out in Saihanba forest by high resolution airborne LiDAR, Hongtu-1 multi-static TomoSAR and GEDI. Using the airborne LiDAR CHM as reference, it shows that Hongtu-1 TomoSAR measurements can provide more accurate forest height inversion (with 55% RMSE improvement, from 5.6m to 2.5m), much more measurement points and higher resolution product than GEDI, which proves the capability and superiority of Hongtu-1 TomoSAR in forest height estimation.