Programa del congreso

Common waste on farms dedicated to the production of cow's milk includes bovine manure and dry fodder. The circular economy is essential to avoid wasting waste and prevent environmental pollution. Many agricultural companies do not have a method to take advantage of the waste they generate and when it decomposes, it releases pollutants such as greenhouse gases. The main objective of this research was to compare the production of biogas using bovine manure and dry fodder from the Agropecuaria “Los Luises”, located at 8° 2'45.51" S; 79° 7'59.57" W, as well as the performance of the pretreatments used through anaerobic fermentation, to evaluate the significant difference between both substrates when producing biogas. The pretreatments used were specific for each substrate, thus seeking to reduce the methane fermentation time and increase the methane concentration in the biogas. The results show that biogas production had a higher yield in bovine manure than in dry forage, evidenced by an average methane production of 603.75 mL/L and 752.5 mL/L with 1:4 and 1:5 dilutions respectively compared to the average methane production of dry forage, being 396.67 mL/L and 533.75 mL/L with 1:4 and 1:5 dilutions respectively, both in a 30-day period of anaerobic treatment.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of an electromagnet for attracting polymetallic particulate matter under laboratory conditions. Three electromagnet prototypes were developed with 40, 70, and 110 turns, the latter generating the largest magnetic field, in accordance with Ampere's Law. For the experiments, metal waste from milling machines, cutting discs, and grinding machines was used, which were classified according to particle size ranges: 50–150 µm, 10–50 µm, and 1–20 µm, respectively. Statistical analyses such as the Shapiro–Wilk test, Levene test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD test were applied, verifying the normality and homogeneity of the data. The results showed that the electromagnet was more efficient at retaining larger particles: 48.02% for the milling machine, 46.73% for the cutting disc, and 21.45% for the grinding wheel. It is concluded that the size of the particulate material and the electromagnet design directly influence the attraction efficiency, validating the feasibility of its application in industrial settings.

This study examines the environmental impact of the El Rejo River artificial dam, located in Cajamarca, Peru, on nearby high Andean ecosystems. Built in 2002 by Yanacocha SRL to control mining sediments and supply water to agriculture during dry seasons, the dam has significantly altered the natural landscape. In 2016, 2018, and 2025, flooding exceeded 8 hectares, intensifying ecological disturbances.

The research identified 11 plant species and 6 animal species in the surrounding area. Among the flora are Polylepis weberbaueri and Polylepis racemosa, both considered vulnerable. Fauna includes the endangered monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). Prolonged flooding has led to the loss of native vegetation, habitat fragmentation, and the expansion of hydrophilous and invasive species. These changes have altered ecological processes, including natural regeneration. Impacts on birds and small mammals were also observed, particularly due to the alteration of travel routes and nesting areas.

To mitigate these effects, the study proposes an ecological restoration strategy: automated water level monitoring, reforestation with native species, regulated ecotourism, and continuous environmental monitoring. These actions seek to promote biodiversity recovery and strengthen ecological resilience. The findings underscore the need for sustainable water infrastructure planning that considers the ecological sensitivity of high-altitude environments.

The coffee industry generates high volumes of waste in its production operations; therefore, the circular economy represents a promising alternative for managing and adding value to the waste generated. The objective of this review is to identify value-added strategies (upcycling) used to reuse waste produced by the coffee industry. To this end, a descriptive method was used, the PICO strategy for article searches, and the PRISMA method for selection in indexed databases, resulting in 32 articles on various value-added strategies for certain waste products from coffee production. The findings of this research show that spent coffee grounds (SCG) are primarily reused for biofuel, activated carbon, construction components, and fertilizers; while coffee husks show potential for treating soil and water. Furthermore, roasting stands out for its effectiveness in producing energy derived from SCG, as does phosphoric acid to enhance carbon activation. It is possible to affirm that strategies for the value-added reuse of waste reduce negative impacts on the environment and provide valuable sustainable approaches for the coffee industry.

The reuse of architectural infrastructure is essential for heritage conservation, urban sustainability and resource optimization; however, it faces challenges such as technological obsolescence, lack of planning and inadequate regulations. Therefore, through the PRISMA method, a systematic review of research published between 2020 and 2025 in the Scopus and Web of Science databases was carried out, through which, from a total of 6,892,183 articles, 40 relevant studies were selected, with a higher concentration of publications in Europe and America. In this sense, various intervention methodologies were identified, among which adaptive reuse, life cycle assessment (LCA), energy conservation strategies, management models for rehabilitation, multi-criteria assessment methods (MCDM) and structural and seismic approaches stand out. Of these, adaptive reuse is considered the most effective strategy, as it reduces the environmental impact and improves the performance of buildings in terms of functionality and energy efficiency. In conclusion, the research findings underline the growing importance of these methodologies in sustainable urban development and the preservation of the built environment.

Aquaculture has surpassed extractive fishing in global production, consolidating its position as a key sector for food security. However, this growth has increased the generation of solid and liquid waste, and by-products, whose inadequate management generates significant environmental impacts. This systematic literature review (SLR) analyzes current and emerging methods for revaluing aquaculture waste using a circular economy approach. Thirty scientific articles indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, published between 2020 and 2025, were examined. The methodology was structured using the PICO and PRISMA strategies, allowing for a rigorous and categorized selection.

The findings show that the most common waste products include viscera, scales, shells, sludge, and effluents. Notable techniques include enzymatic hydrolysis, anaerobic digestion, aquaponics, multi-trophic systems (MTS), and ecological extraction processes. These allow for the recovery of compounds such as collagen, peptides, biogas, and biofertilizers. Unlike traditional methods, these technologies valorize waste as a productive input, reducing pollution and generating high-value-added products.

Despite their benefits, many of these methodologies are still in the experimental phase, facing economic, technological, and regulatory limitations.The conclusion is that the implementation of these solutions can transform aquaculture waste into strategic resources, contributing to environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and productive innovation in the sector.

Pollution caused by industry is a social and environmental problem that affects the entire world, contributing to global warming and environmental degradation. Achieving carbon neutrality has become a priority for nations at various levels of development. In 2023, Peru reported emissions of 210.4 million tons of CO₂, representing 0.42% of the global total. These emissions, mostly greenhouse gases, require continuous monitoring to understand their impact. In this context, Cleaner Production (CP) emerges as a key strategy to promote sustainability by implementing preventive measures that help minimize environmental damage and improve efficiency in production processes. CP focuses on optimizing processes, resources, and technologies, driving innovation across the supply chain. However, despite efforts to incorporate sustainable practices, many companies still prioritize financial objectives, which increases pollution and biodiversity loss. Poor waste and chemical management negatively impact natural resources and the image of companies. CP methods focus on pollution prevention at its source, reducing waste, and adopting sustainable technologies. This not only reduces environmental impact but also enhances competitiveness. This study aims to analyze Cleaner Production (CP) strategies in the industrial sector, with the goal of identifying and suggesting sustainable improvements, reviewing recent research, and proposing solutions to the challenges companies face in implementing these strategies.

La agroindustria enfrenta desafíos significativos en la gestión de inventarios, como la alta perecibilidad de productos, la trazabilidad limitada y la baja adopción tecnológica. Por ello, se propuso identificar las tecnologías más efectivas para optimizar la eficiencia y sostenibilidad de los inventarios agroindustriales. Se empleó un diseño no experimental, descriptivo, cualitativo-cuantitativo, correspondiente a una revisión sistemática sin metaanálisis. Aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 37 artículos indexados de libre acceso en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y EBSCOhost. Los resultados mostraron mejoras relevantes con el uso de tecnologías emergentes como blockchain (reducción del 90 % en tiempos de rastreo), IoT (30 % menos en mermas), RFID (38.5 % menos desperdicios), inteligencia artificial (30 % menos desperdicio alimentario), ERP (18 % menos tiempos muertos) y computación en la nube (67 % de mejora en eficiencia). Se concluye que estas herramientas permiten una gestión más eficiente, trazable y sostenible del inventario, aunque su implementación está limitada por barreras económicas y técnicas en pymes rurales, lo que resalta la necesidad de soluciones de bajo costo y alta escalabilidad.