Education in Costa Rica must think forward and take advantage of new digital tools, like chatbots while considering the associated challenges and concerns, as well as their impact. The advancement of the educational sector in Costa Rica and its limitations can reflect a model of the constraints, limitations, and opportunities for the Latin American countries in this topic. There are not many studies on ChatGPT and its use in Latin America, this is a seminal study that can lead to many future researches on Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI). The focus on universities offers opportunities to analyze the practical impact of ChatGPT in the educational sector. The research had a qualitative-exploratory approach, being the method of data collection the bibliometric review of academic databases in the field of education and generative artificial intelligence, resulting in the identification of three case studies representative of the study phenomenon, where, through data triangulation, the main factors that explain the object of study were identified.

The post-pandemic virtual education calls on professors to innovate in the way they interact with their students, the latter being the most benefited. In this research, the main objective was to know the link between professor leadership and their performance within the classroom in an online teaching environment, from the perspective of a group of engineering students. The research was qualitative and phenomenological in design. An interview guide was used as an instrument and was answered by 18 students from a private university in Metropolitan Lima. Regarding the results, it is recognized that professor leadership is a determining factor for optimal teaching performance in a virtual environment. In addition, it was identified that professors were characterized as leaders who implement new strategies and encourage the participation of their students. According to the testimonies, professors comply with planning their teaching activities, have an adequate development in the classroom, have learned over time to use ICT and manage their emotions, and are responsible with their professional duties. The innovation factor is present with the search and analysis of updated research on the application of new tools, simulations and methodologies specific to engineering.

This study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of an automated planter as an educational tool to teach children about environmental and plant care. A quantitative research methodology was used to collect data on the perception and impact of the device. The results show that the interactive planter, equipped with humidity, light, and pH sensors, was effective in engaging children in the direct care of a plant. This helped bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical action, fostering sustainable habits and greater environmental awareness in the participants. Quantitative data revealed positive patterns and trends regarding the pot's effectiveness in educating children at 97.2%. Overall, the study findings suggest that the implementation of interactive technologies such as the automated planter may be a promising solution to address the challenges of environmental education in children. By combining technology with nature, these types of educational tools can help cultivate sustainable habits and an emotional connection to the environment from an early age.

The present study evaluates the impact of the use of generative artificial intelligence tools in the teaching-learning process in a distance higher education environment, focusing on a higher education institution. Through a non-experimental and descriptive research design, data were collected from 215 students on their perception of the use of these tools in five key dimensions: effective use of AI tools, student AI competence, faculty AI competence, and advanced AI competencies. The results indicate widespread and positive adoption of generative AI tools, with 87.5% of students ranking in the mid to high levels of use. However, areas for improvement were identified in terms of technological competence, especially in the use of ChatGPT and in the continuous training of both students and teachers. In addition, the study highlights the influence of the study cycle and age on the adoption and effectiveness of the use of these tools.

Este estudio fue llevado a cabo sobre el Estado somete al arbitraje en cuestiones relacionadas con el régimen de contrataciones públicas debido a sus significativos beneficios. El propósito de este artículo de investigación fue Analizar la vulneración del principio de igualdad en la contracautela en el artículo 8 inciso 2 del D.L. N° 1071, para establecer medidas cautelares en el arbitraje de contrataciones del Estado; analizar el marco Constitucional, normativo y aplicación del principio de igualdad en el Perú, identificar la regulación en el Perú de la contracautela para las medidas cautelares y el arbitraje en contrataciones del Estado en Perú y describir el principio de igualdad en la contracautela para medidas cautelares del arbitraje en las contrataciones del estado. Como instrumentos empleados fueron fichas documentales y cuestionario a operados de derecho en Chiclayo. Como resultado se vulnera el principio de igualdad se obtuvo que, crearía barreras inconstitucionales a las medidas cautelares, ya que establecería una situación injusta y sería contrario al principio de igualdad establecido en la Constitución. Es decir, este tipo de restricción puede generar un desequilibrio significativo a favor del Estado, vulnerando el principio de igualdad y amenazando las garantías procesales y la integridad del sistema legal.

Abstract - The main objective of the research is to reduce the consumption of drinking water for irrigation, maintain drinking water for domestic use and use treated water for irrigation. To achieve this, a prototype of artificial wetlands has been created for the treatment of gray water. The collection of gray water, the manufacture of a prototype of an artificial wetland and the assessment of its effectiveness are part of the study. The results show that during the gray water treatment process, artificial wetlands significantly improved the physical parameters of turbidity, odor and color. Therefore, treated wastewater can undoubtedly be used in irrigation, without endangering the environment and human health. This allows you to save costs on drinking water for irrigation and use it for domestic consumption. Keywords: Turbidity, gray water treatment, irrigation, green area