Conference Agenda

The Lucre-Huacarpay wetland, located in Cusco, is a representative case of the progressive threat faced by high- Andean wetlands due to land use and land cover transformation and the intensification of climate variability. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of the wetland during the period 2000–2024, with projections for the years 2030 and 2050, with the aim of generating scientific evidence to contribute to its conservation. Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images were used, applying supervised classification using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, complemented by spectral indices. An LSTM-type artificial neural network was used for the prediction model, along with input data on the area of the conserved and degraded wetland. The results show that the wetland lost 277.42% of its surface area during the study period, decreasing from 296.4 ha to 206.6 ha. Most of this reduction was due to the increase in degraded wetland, which represented water stress in various areas of the wetland. This category increased from 9.6 to 77.1 ha. The increase in pasture and cropland also contributed to the change. Projections indicate a reduction of conserved wetland to 176,54 ha in 2030 and 168,53 ha in 2050, considering conservation measures implemented in the final years of the analyzed period. These results indicate the need to strengthen land management, continuous monitoring through remote sensing, and integrated decision-making to ensure ecosystem conservation.

Heavy metal contamination from acid mine drainage is a major environmental threat due to the high mobility of elements such as copper, zinc, cadmium, and chromium under low pH conditions. This study analyzes the potential of different fungal species for the biosorption and neutralization of these metals, evaluating their behavior under conditions similar to acid mine drainage. Thirty studies published between 2015 and 2025 were compiled, identifying the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium as the most efficient in metal retention and biotransformation. The results show that fungi develop complementary metabolic mechanisms, such as surface adsorption, intracellular bioaccumulation, and redox biotransformation (e.g., the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III)), which contribute to metal immobilization and detoxification. Furthermore, the use of simple carbon sources (glucose, malt extract, molasses) and moderate aerobic conditions favor their metabolism and the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Removal efficiencies reached up to 95–99% in species such as Penicillium simplicissimum and Aspergillus niger. Overall, filamentous fungi are establishing themselves as a viable, sustainable, and economical biotechnological alternative for the remediation of tailings and acid mine drainage.

This study estimates the potential for biogas generation from human excreta in the Villa El Ángel settlement, Independencia, Lima, Peru, by adapting a methodology applied in a similar context. The energy viability is analyzed within a vulnerable urban setting characterized by limited basic services and predominant use of firewood for cooking. The results indicate that anaerobic digestion can be a renewable energy source with positive environmental and health impacts. Additionally, limitations were identified such as irregular terrain, which complicates the installation of biodigesters. Therefore, it is recommended to implement pilot projects and conduct a soil study to evaluate the topographic conditions of the settlement, ensuring the proper installation and operation of biodigesters on uneven terrain.

The Peruvian coast presents a high potential for wave energy that has not yet been specifically evaluated for small coastal users, such as artisanal fishing associations, particularly in the Chorrillos area. This work evaluates the technical feasibility of a Point Absorber wave energy converter using numerical simulation in MATLAB/WEC-Sim, with the RM3 reference model and representative wave scenarios defined from statistical percentiles. As a case study, real electricity consumption data from the José Silverio Olaya Balandra Association and wave records from 2024 were used. The results indicate that the system can achieve an approximate electricity production of 1165,32 kWh per month, which would cover approximately 43,99 % of the analyzed user's electricity demand. The study provides a preliminary technical evaluation, based on site-specific numerical modeling, that demonstrates the potential of wave energy as a complementary renewable source for coastal communities in Peru.

The European Green Deal aims for climate neutrality by 2050 and establishes rules for importing products obtained with low or zero carbon dioxide emissions. This opens a window of opportunity for countries with limited global impact due to their emissions, allowing for a balance between exporting "green" products and consuming "grey" ones, within the framework of the agreements signed and the standards accepted by importing countries.

These rules are based on the definition of Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBO), which establishes strict sustainability and emissions requirements for certifying hydrogen as "green." These requirements apply to both production within the EU and imports, and stipulate that the energy used must come from renewable sources. In addition, there are regulations on the transport and use of hydrogen, as well as the requirement for importers to comply with carbon market rules and the 70% carbon intensity requirement compared to fossil fuels.

In the context of the H2/PtX (Hydrogen Power to X) scenario, this work analyzes the characteristics of the current situation in Argentina regarding ammonia and urea, and outlines the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats it possesses in this scenario with a view to exporting hydrogen and/or its derivatives, obtained thanks to its high capacity for generating renewable energy.

Agro-industrial fruit processing operations require large volumes of water, especially during flotation, washing, and container cleaning processes. These activities generate wastewater containing suspended solids and organic matter which, with proper treatment, can be reused within the production cycle. This project presents the design and techno-economic evaluation of a wastewater treatment plant intended to enable the reuse of water generated during the fruit flotation and washing stages in a Chilean agro-export company. The treated water is subsequently reused for washing agricultural containers used for transporting and handling fruit.

The wastewater produced in these operations contains a mixture of leaves, branches, soil particles, partially decomposed apples, and traces of an anionic detergent used during the washing process. To address these characteristics, the proposed treatment system integrates a screening stage, clarification using inclined plates, and activated carbon filtration to remove suspended solids and improve water quality.

The system was designed considering an operational water consumption of approximately 10,000 L every three days, equivalent to almost 100 m³ per month. The results indicate that implementing a compact treatment configuration with a relatively low investment and rapid payback can significantly reduce freshwater consumption and minimize wastewater discharge, thereby contributing to more sustainable water management in agro-industrial operations.