Conference Agenda

Anaerobic digestion of animal manure is a sustainable alternative for livestock waste management due to its capacity to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and generate renewable energy. This systematic review analyzes 34 studies published between 2020 and 2025 to evaluate biogas production potential, the influence of the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, the quality of the biogas obtained, and the yields achieved under different operating conditions. The results show that bovine and poultry manure exhibit high biogas and methane production values, while swine manure improves its performance through strategies such as co-digestion or thermal pretreatment. The C/N ratio, with optimal values ​​between 20 and 30, is confirmed as a key parameter for maintaining microbial stability and preventing ammonia inhibition, especially in manures with high nitrogen content. Despite scientific progress in this field, methodological limitations persist among the analyzed studies, hindering direct comparisons and affecting the reproducibility of results. Furthermore, knowledge gaps have been identified regarding the utilization of generated carbon dioxide and the evaluation of digestate as an agricultural fertilizer. The available evidence confirms that the anaerobic digestion of animal manure represents a viable and strategic technology for promoting the circular economy and the energy transition in the agricultural sector.

Highland qochas are ancestral water storage systems that contribute to hydrological regulation in mountain ecosystems. However, many hydrological studies represent these systems using idealized geometries, which limits the understanding of their real storage capacity. This study presents an engineering methodology that combines three-dimensional geometric reconstruction from field measurements with hydrological modeling to analyze the water retention behavior of a qocha located in Pucachupa, Puno, Peru. A computational geometric model was developed to estimate surface area and stored volume under observed field conditions. The reconstructed qocha presented an inundated area of 14.89 m² and an estimated storage volume of 5.19 m³. A simplified water balance equation incorporating precipitation, evaporation, and infiltration processes was applied to represent the hydrological dynamics of the system. Soil and environmental parameters were also measured to define the local conditions influencing water persistence. Results indicate that the qocha functions as a natural regulation system where real geometry defines the level–area–volume relationship governing temporary water storage. Because the model explicitly links reservoir geometry with hydrological fluxes, the methodology allows analysis of the system response to changes in precipitation and evaporative demand

Manual ergonomic assessment can be slow and highly dependent on the evaluator's criteria. This study developed and tested computer vision software with two cameras to analyze postures in real time using the RULA, REBA, and OWAS methods. The system's results were compared with those of an expert in 75 measurements of five postures. The program worked stably at 30 FPS and achieved a 68.0% to 76.0% match in risk levels. In addition, it was found that the software almost always overestimates risk, which helps prevent important problems from being overlooked. In conclusion, this low-cost ergonomic tool based on computer vision supports the rapid assessment of postures in schools and companies, providing effective support for ergonomic prevention.

The current context of forest policy highlights the importance of sustainable management of forest resources in various regions of Peru. For this reason, the objective of the research was to identify the public institutions focused on the forestry sector and analyze the role they play in collaboration with the local government in managing and addressing forest fires in the Pampas district, Tayacaja province, Huancavelica region, Peru. The research was conducted at the National Forest and Wildlife Service (SERFOR) and the Forest Management and Ecosystem Conservation Project of the Mantaro Valley (PROVRAEM), as well as at the Tayacaja Provincial Municipality. The actions, projects, and strategies carried out by each entity in the production of forest seedlings, reforestation, community training, among others, were analyzed. The results reported a lack of resources, bureaucracy, limited community participation, and the need to improve the quality of seedlings. It is concluded that forest management is crucial for ecosystem conservation, soil restoration, food security, and economic development in the region, making it urgent to enhance collaboration among institutions, the private sector, and communities.

Solid waste pollution on beaches represents a global environmental challenge that affects ecosystems, public health, and the quality of recreational activities. This study evaluated the relationship between the level of pollution and visitors’ perceptions at Los Yuyos Beach, located in Barranco, Lima, Peru. A quantitative approach was employed through the delimitation of 30 quadrats measuring 4 × 4 meters distributed along the beach to identify critical points of waste accumulation. The level of cleanliness was determined using the Clean Coast Index (CCI) during the winter and summer seasons, complemented by surveys based on the Recreational Suitability scale to measure users’ perceptions. The results showed a greater predominance of plastic waste, such as single-use bags and PET bottles, in winter, whereas organic waste was more prominent in summer. The highest accumulations were found in areas with vegetation and natural drainage. The CCI classified the beach as moderately clean in winter and adequate in summer. The average perception score was 0.5 in winter and 0.9 in summer. A significant inverse correlation was identified (r = −0.782; p < 0.001) between perception and pollution levels, indicating a strong association between environmental quality and recreational valuation. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening waste management to improve environmental quality and recreational experience.

This paper explores strategies for developing a nascent space sector in Costa Rica, using the Costa Rica Aerospace Cluster (CRAC) as a case study. It investigates how CRAC can leverage existing capabilities to enter the space sector, considering its unique context without a defense industry and the potential to exploit resources from adjacent industries like semiconductors and medtech. The research also examines how the cluster can serve as a launchpad for indigenous space startups. Through a structured methodology involving a case study approach and SWOT analysis, the paper analyzes internal factors such as CRAC's governance, capability inventory, shared infrastructure, market access, branding, and risk management, alongside external opportunities and threats related to New Space trends, regulatory environments, capital markets, and human capital availability. The findings converge on actionable strategies aimed at reducing friction and risk for sector entry, including initiatives like specialized startup memberships, aggregating demand for testing capabilities, enhancing international presence, streamlining legal frameworks, hosting investor workshops, attracting anchor clients, establishing shared test infrastructure, and launching a cluster-operated seed fund. The paper emphasizes the transferable capacity from Costa Rica's successful medtech ecosystem to accelerate aerospace and space sector development.