Conference Agenda

This study evaluates lime losses occurring during the ore–lime mixing stage prior to heap leaching in gold mining operations and analyzes their associated economic impact. Lime is a critical reagent for pH control during cyanide leaching, ensuring gold solubility and preventing the formation of toxic species such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN). A quantitative experimental methodology was applied at reduced scale to simulate industrial mixing conditions, allowing the estimation of lime losses caused mainly by dust entrainment during handling. Based on experimental results and industrial operating data, lime loss percentages between 0.05% and 0.1% per ton of processed ore were considered representative for large-scale operations. An economic projection over a ten-year operational period was performed for medium- and large-scale mining scenarios. Results indicate that even minimal lime losses can generate significant cumulative economic impacts, highlighting the importance of improving lime handling and dosage control strategies in heap leaching operations. Keywords— Heap leaching, lime loss, pH control, gold mining, operational costs.

Textile dyeing processes are characterized by high complexity due to the interaction of multiple variables such as temperature, pH, dye concentration, time, and fabric type, which significantly influence color quality, resource consumption, and environmental impact. In recent years, various optimization methodologies have been proposed to improve dyeing performance, enhance process efficiency, and reduce energy and chemical usage.

This study presents a systematic literature review focused on optimization methodologies applied to textile dyeing processes. The review follows the PIOC framework and the PRISMA 2020 guidelines to ensure a transparent and reproducible selection process. Scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified through structured searches in major academic databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 primary studies were selected for detailed analysis.

The reviewed literature reveals that response surface methodology, Taguchi-based approaches, artificial neural networks combined with metaheuristic algorithms, and lean–green methodologies are the most frequently applied techniques for dyeing process optimization. These methodologies are primarily used to improve color quality, reduce energy and water consumption, enhance productivity, and minimize environmental impact.

The findings provide a structured synthesis of current optimization strategies in textile dyeing and highlight methodological trends, application contexts, and existing research gaps. This review contributes to a clearer understanding of how optimization methodologies are being applied in textile dyeing processes and offers guidance for future research and industrial implementation.

Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in automotive paint shops represents a growing occupational health problem due to poor ventilation, lack of emissions control, and direct worker exposure to toxic solvents. In the analyzed workshop, concentrations of toluene, xylene, and methyl alcohol exceeded the maximum permissible limits established by Supreme Decree No. 015-2005-SA, reaching values of 105%, 102%, and 110% of the limit, respectively. Therefore, this study will evaluate the concentration of VOCs in an automotive paint shop and propose a sealing. The methodology involved an environmental assessment using a POLI MP 400P gas detector, supplemented by a review of technical data sheets, safety data sheets, and current regulations. A local exhaust ventilation system was designed and implemented, considering a total airflow of 12,000 m³/h—equivalent to 100 air changes per hour—with collection hoods capable of handling 1,440 m³/h and a capture velocity of 0.8 m/s. Furthermore, the results obtained after implementing these measures demonstrated a significant reduction in ambient VOC concentrations, with toluene (28%), xylene (35%), and methyl alcohol (30%) values below the maximum permissible limit. This represents an average decrease of over 70% compared to the initial situation, allowing the system to comply with the established parameters. In conclusion, the airtight sealing of the paint booths, along with the local exhaust ventilation system, constitutes an effective measure for controlling VOC emissions, improving air quality, and protecting worker health. The research also demonstrates that integrating engineering controls optimizes processes and promotes sustainable practices in the automotive sector.

In tropical agricultural systems, sugarcane and banana face constant phytosanitary challenges that significantly reduce their productivity and quality. Fungal diseases such as black sigatoka in banana and sugarcane smut represent considerable economic losses for producers, reducing yields by up to 40% in severe cases. This literature review analyzes the potential of silicon as a beneficial element to enhance disease resistance and increase the yield of these tropical crops of global economic importance.

Recent studies are examined that demonstrate how silicon application strengthens plant natural defenses through multiple mechanisms: the formation of physical barriers via silica deposition in plant tissues, the activation of biochemical defense systems including the production of phenolic compounds and antioxidant enzymes, and the improvement of physiological processes such as photosynthesis. The results show significant increases in resistance to specific pathogens, with reductions of up to 60% in the incidence of diseases such as sugarcane smut, and substantial yield increases ranging from 12–22% when silicon is applied both to the soil and as a foliar treatment.

However, important limitations are identified regarding the standardization of dosages, application methods, long-term economic evaluations, and the lack of studies addressing variability among cultivars. It is concluded that silicon represents a promising tool for sustainable tropical agriculture; however, further research is required to optimize its practical use under commercial conditions.

This study explores the electronic and structural characteristics of cubic methylammonium lead bromide (CH₃NH₃PbBr₃) through Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations performed with Quantum ESPRESSO. Following rigorous convergence benchmarks (Ecutwfc = 35 Ry, Ecutrho = 300Ry, and a 3 × 3 × 3 k-point grid), the simulated X-ray diffraction patterns verified the phase purity and high crystallinity of the cubic lattice. Our results identify a direct band gap of 2.01 eV situated at the R high-symmetry point. Analysis of the Partial Density of States (PDOS) reveals that the Valence Band Maximum is primarily composed of Pb(p) and Br(p) states, while the Conduction Band Minimum is governed by Pb(p) anti-bonding orbitals. These findings underscore the material’s suitability for optoelectronic devices operating in the visible spectrum (λ ≈ 617 nm).

Soil quality is essential for agricultural production and environmental sustainability. Its physical structure influences water retention, aggregate stability, and nutrient availability, essential factors for crop growth. Agricultural management directly impacts these properties, determining soil resilience to erosion and climate change. Evaluating physical parameters such as Atterberg limits allows us to understand soil response to different uses and improve its management. This research analyzes soils with different management systems. Through field and laboratory measurements, key soil health indicators will be established by comparing the effect of soil use through physical properties in different soil management systems in Zamorano. The characterization of its structural stability will provide valuable information to optimize sustainable agricultural practices.