Conference Agenda

The Andean region of Peru is located in a tropical zone with low tropospheric ozone concentration, making it prone to greater exposure to ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation, which causes damage to the skin, eyes, and immune systems. Despite awareness of the situation in the Andes, the constant increase in urbanization and the number of vehicles on the road, as well as manufacturing industries, may further deplete the ozone layer in this region. Therefore, the research work consisted of estimating the variability of the total ozone column in February 2010 in the Mantaro Valley using the tropospheric Ultraviolet and visible (TUV) model, and for its validation, ground measurements were taken, synchronizing it with the Ground-Based Ultraviolet (UV) GUV-511 Biospherical Inc. spectral radiometer, which provides measurements at 305, 320, 340, and 380 nm and the ultraviolet (UV) index. Spearman's correlation coefficient was determined for the statistical evaluation and validation of the TUV model. A value of 0.86 (p>0.05) was obtained for the UV index for Huancayo. In addition, a maximum clear sky radiance was given at 305 nm, 320 nm, 340 nm, and 380 nm of 0.12, 0.4, 0.64, and 0.83 W/m²nm, respectively, and a UV index of 12. It is concluded that the use of the TUV model allows the annual climate of the RUV in the ECAMP to be predicted.

Alluvial gold mining is one of the main drivers of land use change and environmental degradation in Peru's southern Amazon region. In the Malinowski River basin (Madre de Dios), this activity has caused the accelerated loss of primary forests, which affects essential processes for regulating the local climate. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between mining expansion, deforestation, and climate variability from 1984 to 2025. Landsat images were processed using QGIS and Google Earth Engine (GEE) to calculate the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and detect changes in vegetation cover over time. SENAMHI climate records were used to assess climate trends. The results revealed a progressive loss of forest cover with peaks between 2015 and 2018 and sustained mining area expansion, even during years of overall deforestation and land use change reduction. A positive correlation was found between deforestation and land use change (r = 0.85; p < 0.001), as well as moderate associations between rising temperatures and mining expansion (r = 0.30–0.63). Additionally, a strong negative correlation was identified between annual rainfall and mining activity (r = −0.80; p = 0.003), suggesting that loss of forest cover reduces evapotranspiration and affects local moisture flows. We conclude that the expansion of alluvial gold mining in the Malinowski River basin primarily drives land use changes and local environmental degradation. The progressive loss of forest cover associated with this activity transforms the landscape and alters the biophysical processes that regulate the regional climate.

Air pollution remains a critical public health and sustainability challenge, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions with limited regulatory monitoring infrastructure. While most urban air quality assessments rely on mean concentration comparisons and exceedance thresholds, less attention has been given to short-term temporal persistence dynamics that influence exposure duration. This study introduces the concept of urban atmospheric persistence to evaluate short-term retention of PM2.5 concentrations in two Central American urban systems using hourly open-access sensor data.

A comparative time-series framework was applied to analyze lag-based autocorrelation (1–6 hours) over a multi-week period, including combustion-intensive celebration days. Results reveal strong immediate dependence in both cities (Lag 1 = 0.53), but distinct decay trajectories thereafter. The city of San Pedro Sula exhibits sustained multi-hour persistence, including secondary reinforcement at Lag 3 (0.53), whereas City of Tegucigalpa demonstrates faster monotonic decay, approaching near-zero correlation by Lag 6. These findings suggest that urban systems may differ not only in pollution magnitude but also in atmospheric retention structure.

The study contributes empirical evidence from an underrepresented region and demonstrates the analytical value of combining open sensor networks with time-series methods. Limitations include the absence of meteorological covariate integration and API-based retrieval constraints inherent to open-access platforms, which restricted the analysis to approximately 1000 hourly observations per monitoring location. Despite these constraints, the results provide a replicable framework for evaluating temporal persistence as a complementary indicator for urban sustainability assessment.

In the fishing industry, approximately 35% of captured products are lost or wasted. These by-products not only represent an economic loss due to the high value of essential mineral compounds but also contribute to environmental pollution. In response to this issue, an alternative has emerged: the production of agricultural biostimulants through enzymatic hydrolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the germination index of Lactuca sativa var. Tropicana seeds treated with a biostimulant derived from fish waste combined with algae, and to compare it with an algae-based biostimulant through a phytotoxicity assay. The results showed a germination index greater than 80% at dilutions of 0.01% and 0.001%, indicating the absence of phytotoxic substances in the biostimulant. This proposal demonstrates its potential as a sustainable alternative to agriculture.

This research synthesizes the assessment of the climate impact on the endemic species Begonia octopetala in the coastal hills ecosystem of Peru up to 2065 using ensemble modeling, which combines machine learning and statistical algorithms (Maxent, Random Forest, BioClim0, and GLM). The model was fed with CMIP6 bioclimatic variables to project habitat suitability under Shared Socioeconomic Trajectories (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5). The results reveal a critical loss of suitability under the pessimistic scenario (SSP5), projecting the total disappearance of suitable habitat by 2065. Only the SSP1 scenario shows the persistence of suitable microclimates, albeit with severe fragmentation. These findings quantify the species' vulnerability to radiative forcing and underscore the need to implement adaptive conservation strategies based on identified climate refugia