Conference Agenda

This study proposes and evaluates a technical and economic framework for the decentralized supply of liquefied natural gas (LNG) aimed at strengthening energy security in northern Peru. This is achieved through the implementation of a Brownfield LNG micro-plant integrated with existing gas infrastructure in the Paita area, Piura Department. The methodology combines process simulation for selecting micro-scale liquefaction technologies, assessing the availability of gas from nearby mature fields, modeling investment, operation, and storage costs, and conducting a financial evaluation based on discounted cash flow using a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) adjusted for country risk and regulatory requirements for strategic storage.

The results indicate that using a mixed-refrigerant liquefaction scheme, supplied with local gas from the Paita-Piura area, allows for a technically viable and financially attractive project. This results in a positive net present value and an internal rate of return higher than the project's WACC, while maintaining competitiveness compared to the centralized LNG supply from the Melchorita plant. The sensitivity analysis identifies the LNG selling price as the main driver of profitability, defining a viable negotiation window between the producer and industrial users. Furthermore, the incorporation of a strategic LNG storage system equivalent to 30 days of consumption, in accordance with current regulations, significantly improves the resilience of the regional supply and the project's economic performance during disruptions.

The study demonstrates that Brownfield micro-LNG projects, supplied by mature gas fields, constitute a replicable alternative for decentralizing supply, reducing vulnerability to logistical and social disruptions.

Residual biomass from rice and sugarcane industries represents a strategic alternative for sustainable energy, with annual generation estimated at 1271 Mt and 990 Mt, respectively. Given the inherent variability in their physical and thermochemical properties, an integrated assessment of these parameters and their associated operational risks is essential to ensure efficient thermochemical conversion.

This study systematically evaluated the energy potential and operational risks of sugarcane bagasse (SCB), sugarcane leaves (SCS), rice straw (RS), and rice husk (RH). The methodology integrated physical-energetic and thermochemical characterization using the global Biomass Quality Index (BQI), complemented by combustion-related indicators and ash behavior indices (slagging, fouling, and alkali-related issues).

Results identify SCB as the most favorable feedstock (BQI = 2,82), followed by RH (BQI = 5,43). This superior performance is attributed to a balanced compositional profile, optimal energy properties, and minimal operational penalties, specifically linked to lower concentrations of Na and K in the ash and reduced N, S, and Cl content in the biomass. In contrast, RS and SCS exhibited significantly higher BQI values (17,36 and 16,40, respectively), indicating a higher propensity for operational failures during combustion.

Overall, this integrated evaluation, supported by targeted pretreatment strategies, provides a robust framework for optimizing the thermochemical valorization of lignocellulosic residues, promoting efficient and sustainable bioenergy systems.

The post-distillation residues of essential oil from medicinal and aromatic plants represent 98% of the raw material and can be utilized as natural sources of bioactive compounds with various types of bioactivities. This work aims to evaluate the effect of three extraction methods on the total polyphenol content and the antimicrobial activity of the phenolic extracts obtained from these residues. The total polyphenol content (TPC) was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteau method, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed using disk diffusion and dilution methods of the extracts obtained with three methods: maceration (M), ultrasound and maceration (US+M), and ultrasound (US) against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis ranging from 31.25 to 500 mg/L. The M extracts showed the highest total polyphenol content (7911 ± 51 GAE mg/mL), while the highest antimicrobial activity was observed against E. coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration for E. coli was 500 mg/L, and for B. subtilis, it could not be determined within the study range. The experimental findings pointed to the potential use of post-distillation residue extracts of rosemary essential oil as antimicrobials in foods susceptible to E. coli.

Low-enthalpy geothermal energy (30–101 °C) in Honduras remains an underutilized resource, primarily exploited only for balneology, despite its potential for national energy diversification. This study develops a thermodynamic analysis of the Kalina Cycle (KCS-11), which uses an ammonia-water binary mixture, to evaluate its performance in converting low-temperature geothermal resources. The methodology examined the influence of turbine inlet pressure (5–40 bar) and ammonia concentration (0.5–0.9) on cycle efficiency. The results show that thermal efficiency increases with pressure, achieving maximum theoretical values close to 12% in the 30 to 40 bar range and with ammonia concentrations between 0.7 and 0.9. These findings suggest that the KCS-11 is a promising alternative for utilizing low-enthalpy geothermal resources in Honduras. However, future work should incorporate exergy analysis and explore advanced cycle configurations, such as double regeneration schemes, while further characterizing the thermal properties of the country's low-enthalpy geothermal reservoirs.

Abstract– This paper describes the design, construction, and evaluation of a timed automatic irrigation system for domestic gardens in the Baños del Inca district of Cajamarca, where manual irrigation often results in irregular water consumption and dependence on the user's available time.

The overall objective was to implement a functional, low-voltage prototype that automates irrigation using ON/OFF cycles. Specifically, the aim was to validate its operation by measuring flow rate, operational stability, and electrical safety under real-world domestic conditions.

The methodology used was experimental-demonstrative. The main components (5V pump, programmable timer, USB power supply, and tubing) were selected, the circuit was assembled ensuring correct polarity, and 15-second activation cycles were configured. Repeated tests were performed to evaluate flow stability, the volume dispensed per cycle, and the absence of overheating. The system's safety and behavior during multiple consecutive activations were also verified.

The results showed an average flow rate of 61.6 mL per cycle, minimal timer variation while maintaining stable cycles, and safe operation without mechanical or thermal failures. This data confirms the efficiency and reliability of the prototype.

In conclusion, the system is an accessible and functional alternative for small gardens, reducing manual intervention. The social impact is reflected in facilitating plant care in time-constrained households; the environmental impact, in the efficient use of water; and the economic impact, in its low cost and ease of home implementation.

Worldwide, millions of people face the devastating effects of water scarcity due to climate change. This is the case of the Central American Dry Corridor, where 3.5 million people are currently vulnerable to the impacts of prolonged droughts. This study analyzes six meteorological stations located in different areas of the Honduran Dry Corridor to simulate various scenarios for the implementation of an Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG) system. Several outlet conditions of the dehumidified air are examined through dry-bulb temperature (DBT) and relative humidity (RH). Under the lowest production simulation scenario (DBT = 30°C; RH = 50%), a production range of 40 to 2,250 L per month was obtained in the rural area, enabling a water supply equivalent to 25 people per month.

Eutrophication processes in lakes generate significant impacts on both aquatic biodiversity and the livelihoods of communities that depend on these ecosystems. This study evaluated the water quality of Lake Yojoa, Honduras, by analyzing temporal trends, spatial differences among three sites distributed from north to south, and the vertical structure of the water column. The research combined data from two monitoring periods (November 2022–April 2023 and November 2024–April 2025). Physicochemical variables such as Secchi depth, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, and pH were analyzed to identify temporal and spatial patterns. In addition, the Trophic State Index (TSI) was calculated using Secchi depth, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen. Results showed increased water transparency and higher total nitrogen concentrations during 2024–2025, while total phosphorus remained relatively stable between periods. No significant differences were detected in surface water (epilimnion) among sites, suggesting a homogeneous composition likely driven by wind-induced mixing. In contrast, vertical profiles revealed significant differences in temperature, dissolved oxygen, phosphorus, and salinity, indicating thermal stratification and nutrient accumulation in deeper layers. Overall, the findings provide evidence of slight improvements in some water quality indicators after the reduction of intensive cage aquaculture, while also highlighting the persistent influence of internal and external nutrient loading on the trophic state of Lake Yojoa.