Conference Agenda

Deforestation in South America has significantly contributed to soil erosion, compromising stability, fertility, and water retention capacity. Key drivers such as agricultural expansion, urbanization, indiscriminate logging, and illegal mining have accelerated soil degradation, disrupting hydrological cycles, increasing sediment deposition in water bodies, and leading to biodiversity loss. This study examines the impact of deforestation on soil erosion across Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile, while proposing effective mitigation strategies. A systematic literature review was conducted using Scopus, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, employing keywords related to erosion and deforestation. Findings indicate that deforestation has intensified erosion over more than 180 million hectares, resulting in severe socioeconomic consequences, including a 36% reduction in agricultural productivity in Argentina, 46 million tons of sediment accumulation annually in Brazil, and increased vulnerability of rural communities, affecting 40% of Colombia's territory. Among the most effective mitigation strategies identified are the use of geotextiles, minimum tillage, infiltration terraces, and reforestation with native species. Additionally, the implementation of stringent environmental policies and conservation programs has been crucial in mitigating erosion and restoring degraded soils. Adopting these strategies could strengthen ecosystem resilience, reduce rural community vulnerability, and support international commitments on conservation, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development.

Summary :The main objective of this research is to determine the applications of biodegradable biopolymers in packaging used by industrial companies in Huancavelica, identifying their benefits and practical possibilities. To do this, scientific articles obtained from the Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases were analyzed. The study included rigorous filtering processes with specific criteria: articles published between 2019 and 2024 in English or Spanish, related to keywords such as "Improvement", "biopolymers", "Packaging". After applying these filters, 49 relevant articles were selected for this systematic review.

The results indicate that the most researched areas are mechanical properties and environmental impact, which shows the importance of improving the physical and functional characteristics of biopolymers for their application in industrial packaging. Although the cost of production is higher compared to conventional plastics, industries are showing increasing interest due to their environmental benefits.

Finally, this review found no significant limitations in terms of access to scientific sources or important methodological restrictions. It is concluded that the adoption of biodegradable packaging could be a key strategy to promote a sustainable environmental culture in Huancavelica.

Currently, the city of Pachacutec has developed an increase in the construction of single-family homes due to population migration and contributions from NGOs, agreements with local authorities on land benefits, but this has also involved a tendency towards the growth of self-construction or informal constructions since they do not have the basic requirements according to national regulatory standards for construction and permits, which has led to the generation of environmental impacts throughout the development of the construction process. The following research presents a problem of how the self-construction of single-family homes by residents influences the generation of environmental impacts in the city of Pachacutec - Ventanilla?, and the objective was to determine the influence of the construction of single-family homes on the generation of environmental impacts in the city of Pachacutec - Ventanilla. This research work opted for a quantitative type of research since for the development of the work the collection of statistical data was carried out, supported by analysis results based on numerical measurement in order to test the established hypotheses. A 5-question survey was developed for a sample of 380 inhabitants of the city of Pachacutec, obtaining results that prove the hypothesis raised, which is why it is concluded that the perception of the population regarding the construction activities of single-family homes is a factor in the generation of environmental impacts and action must be taken in this regard in all aspects, social, economic and environmental.

La presente investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo principal de proponer un plan de mejora en los procesos de compostaje de residuos sólidos orgánicos en la planta de compostaje de la Municipalidad de los Olivos, Lima-Perú, 2022. Este estudio es cuasi experimental, la muestra de esta investigación son los 20 trabajadores directos de la Planta de Compostaje de la Municipalidad de Los Olivos. La metodología incluye un diagnóstico inicial del proceso, utilizando técnicas como revisión documental y encuestas. Los resultados reflejan el estado actual de la planta de compostaje en cada etapa de proceso y se propone el plan de mejora en la planta de compostaje. En donde, se diseña una nueva Planta de Compostaje implementando el método de tratamiento de inyección forzada con una infraestructura de 2 640 m2, con un personal de 6 trabajadores, con un tiempo de tres meses de tratamiento de residuos orgánicos y un aumento de capacidad de tratamiento con una proyección anual de 1039.68 ton. Este plan de mejora se posiciona como una alternativa positiva en el tratamiento de residuos orgánicos en las municipalidades mejorando la eficiencia del compostaje, el nivel de conocimiento y manejo de residuos sólidos, así como fomentando la participación ciudadana.

Este estudio evalúa la capacidad fitorremediadora de Urtica urens y Brassica rapa en suelos contaminados con plomo (Pb) y cadmio (Cd) mediante un metaanálisis de 55 artículos científicos seleccionados de bases de datos indexadas. Los resultados indican que Urtica urens presenta una mayor acumulación de Pb en sus hojas (147,74 mg/kg), mientras que Brassica rapa concentra una mayor cantidad de Cd en sus raíces (4,46 mg/kg). El análisis estadístico, realizado con el software SPSS, permitió determinar las concentraciones medias de estos metales en ambas especies. Se identificó que las principales estrategias de fitorremediación empleadas son la fitoextracción y la fitoestabilización. En términos de eficiencia, Urtica urens logró una tasa de remoción del 70 % para el Pb, mientras que Brassica rapa alcanzó un 27,60 % en la remoción de Cd. La metodología PRISMA fue utilizada para la selección y análisis de los estudios, asegurando la calidad y validez del metaanálisis. Los hallazgos de esta investigación aportan evidencia relevante sobre el potencial de estas especies en la remediación de suelos contaminados con metales pesados.

Mass movements have generated 17% of the loss of life due to natural disasters worldwide, said loss of life in developing countries is often due to a combination of geological and human factors. The general objective of this work is to develop the mitigation proposal based on the evaluation of susceptibility to mass movements and in the Caballolano population center, Jesús, Cajamarca, 2024. With a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and data collection instruments in the observation form; the population is defined by the geomorphological structures and the geological material present in the study area. The results obtained according to the descriptors of lithology, slope, rock type, vegetation, geoforms and considering the values ​​of the weights where station 1 a high susceptibility 0.433, station 02 and 03 susceptibilities 0.483 and 0.443, categorized as very high susceptibility and station 4 a moderate susceptibility of 0.29. Concluding that the mitigation proposal through the installation of drainage works, the installation of geogrid and Bolts with measurements of 1.5 meters and the geometric change of the slope or Re-excavation, stabilizing the present slopes.