Conference Agenda

The health sector in Ecuador and in any country constitutes fundamental support for the well-being and care of its population, regardless of whether it is private or public, and it is also recognized that the industries associated with this sector are a fundamental engine in the economy of the countries. countries. The main objective of this work is focused on identifying the main banks that granted lines of credit to this sector and if there is any relationship between the credits received and their operating income, in addition to determining if there is evidence that the credits granted to this sector were given based on their capital structure. This research was descriptive, quantitative and transversal, the credit information was obtained from the Superintendency of Banks of Ecuador and the income information was obtained from the Superintendency of Securities and Insurance Companies of Ecuador. For the development of this work, algorithms such as linear regression, coefficient of determination and classification tree were used. The main results obtained are that five banks concentrate 79.18% of the credits granted during the period 2020 -2023, the Wholesale and Retail Trade of Health Products industry, was the one with the highest credit obtained, and was the only health industry that presented a relationship between credits and sales (R2 0.91), on the other hand It was observed that there is no evidence that credits for this sector are granted due to its capital structure but rather due to the guarantee that the businesses can present.

Currently, the sources of competitiveness are located in the globalization of markets and in the capacity of companies and individuals to integrate into this process. Current competition is not only based on the best production of goods and services, but also on the degree of development of intangible skills, such as the integration of production chains and technological innovation. Currently there is a close relationship between technology and the competitiveness of a company within an industry. Technology does not simply contemplate the degree of automation of productive functions, but also of the management between the various departments of the organization. This review aims to identify the existing scientific evidence of the implementation of a lean production planning and control system in SMEs in the manufacturing industry used to control and plan production. The results showed that lean production planning and control in SMEs in the manufacturing industry increases productivity. It was concluded that the implementation of lean production improves the production system in SMEs in the industrial sector at a low cost. Beyond the power of Lean techniques in increasing business efficiencies, we can conclude that in SMEs the main actions for their implementation must necessarily include the commitment of the company's management to invest in the training of its staff and to promote the culture of continuous improvement. The effective use of Lean Technique implies a profound cultural transformation

In Peru, there is a long delay in the formulation of rural sanitation projects every year, or in the worst case, their paralysis in the execution phase. It generates social unrest due to the dissatisfaction of public needs. This problem is due, among other aspects, to the precarious infrastructure of the area in charge of identifying, formulating, and evaluating rural sanitation projects, which leads to the formulation of projects that do not comply with the regulated standards and recommendations. Likewise, there is no emphasis on identifying the causes that generate paralysis of the formulated projects in the execution phase, causing economic losses, delays in their implementation, damage to the infrastructure and, in the worst case, human losses.

A proposal for the Implementation of Good Practices during the development of the formulation and evaluation of a rural sanitation project is presented here. The research began with the diagnosis of the current situation of the Formulation Unit of the Municipality. Then, the formulated projects, in the execution phase and/or paralyzed ones were identified and evaluated to determine the aspects that require improvements or changes. The good practices required by the PMBOK 6th edition in the Identification and Formulation processes were selected, as well as others that are not part of the PMBOK for the Evaluation processes. Also, strategies to ensure the implementation and compliance of the good practices were proposed, which include the recommendation of the budget increase and the management of organizational change, among others.

This paper presents the development of a small-scale automated coffee beverage bottling machine aimed at supporting small producers in the Galapagos Islands, thereby promoting sustainable industrialization. The prototype, inspired by a classic design, focuses on minimizing packaging errors and reducing raw material waste. It features a stable and user-friendly dynamic system that includes an electrical setup for container classification, precise positioning, and accurate measurement of raw material for each filling process. Additionally, the system encompasses efficient dosing and sealing mechanisms, significantly reducing the sealing wait time to as little as 10 seconds per unit, ensuring production quality and efficiency. The concurrent design methodology employed in this project effectively aligns client requirements with engineering solutions, enhancing overall functionality. All components in contact with the coffee are made of AISI 304 steel, meeting stringent food safety and hygiene standards. This approach not only ensures compliance with health regulations but also promotes a high level of safety for the end product. The machine's design and implementation demonstrate a significant step towards sustainable industrial practices in the Galapagos Islands, providing a robust solution for local coffee producers.

The Talara basin is an oil basin in northwestern Peru that has been developed for more than 130 years and has more than 15,000 wells drilled in different producing reservoirs, mostlty in conmmingled.

Eventhough this maturity degree, heterogeinities in rock quality and complexity in structural geology and stratigraphy make difficult to predict production performance of low permeability reservoirs with accuracy.This study is focused on predicting production performance of Lower Pariñas formation, after being hydraullically fractured in several stages.

To model the production behavior, Arps Decline Curves are normally used, however, it has been found that this classical method does not allow to correctly model the behavior of tight reservoirs. In recent years, modern declination techniques such as modified Arps, Power Law, Narrow Exponential, Extended Exponential and Duong Model have been developed. The evaluation revealed that the modern methods offer a better fit to the production history, compared to the classical Arps method, in the periods of 0.5, 2 and 4 years of history, highlighting the importance of the new models. It is concluded that to obtain accurate forecasts with an error of less than 9%, at least 2 years of production history in neighboring wells is required to define the model parameters. It is specified that the modified Arps model is the most adequate for the Lower Pariñas formation, representative reservoir of the Talara basin.

This research aims to implemented and improve the productivity of a company dedicated to manufacturing glass containers for the cosmetic sector. The study employs the Socio-Technical approach and Lean Manufacturing philosophy to generate operational improvements. After analyzing the company’s current situation, key problems such as low productivity, quality defects, and reprocessing will be identified. Solutions using these methodologies will be proposed to enhance and optimize the production process.

Abstract- The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of HR, Suppliers and Finance on Production-Operation of MSMEs in the trade in Huacho, Peru, using Markov Prediction Chains. This is applied research, with a non-experimental design, predictive level, cross-section and quantitative approach. The independent variables were HR, Suppliers and Finance, while the dependent variable was Production-Operation, measured by 20 items taken from the RELAYN book. POM-QM software was used for the analysis. The applied questionnaire presented a high internal consistency, evidenced by a Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega of 0.914. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test indicated that the data did not follow a normal distribution (p = 0.000). Likewise, the Friedman test showed significant differences between the medians of the evaluated groups (χ² = 217.230, p = 0.000, W = 0.018). The multiple regression analysis generated the equation: Production-Operation = 5.823 + 0.192 (HR) + 0.286 (Suppliers) + 0.259 (Finance), with an adjusted R² of 74.3%. The Spearman correlation showed significant associations between the variables, highlighting the relationship between Production-Operation and Finance (ρ = 0.679). Finally, the Markov analysis projected 12 transitions, anticipating a 29.11% probability of remaining in the same state by January 2026. It was concluded that the HR, Suppliers and Finance factors significantly influence the Production-Operation of the MYPES of commerce in Huacho.

Keywords: Human Resources (HR), Suppliers, Finance, Production-Operation, Markov Prediction Chains.

Este artículo explora el sistema de innovación de Cartagena de Indias, examinando sus componentes clave, las interacciones entre los actores y los desafíos y oportunidades que enfrenta. La innovación se ha convertido en un factor crucial para la competitividad de las ciudades y regiones a nivel mundial, y Cartagena no es una excepción. Para impulsar un crecimiento económico sostenible y mejorar la calidad de vida de sus ciudadanos, la ciudad debe construir un ecosistema de innovación sólido y dinámico. Este análisis proporciona una visión integral del sistema de innovación de Cartagena, identificando áreas de mejora y oportunidades para fortalecer su ecosistema.