Programa del congreso

The exponential increase in urban areas is
proportional to the emission of particulate matter generated
by the vehicle fleet and the design of tall buildings and the
width of narrow roads that hinder the dispersion of
pollutants, this problem increases when it comes to unpaved
roads, higher vehicular traffic, dust rising and wear of tires
and brakes that cause higher emissions of PM. Therefore,
the intention of the present investigation was to estimate the
concentration and temporal variation of fine and coarse
fashion PM during October 2023 in the city of Chupaca,
belonging to the department of Junín-Peru, using a
PurpleAir sensor as a particle meter. The results indicate a
maximum concentration of 30 ug/m3 of PM2.5 on October
24 and that 50% of the monitored days exceed 10 ug/m3; for
the case of PM10 it has a maximum concentration of 40
ug/m3. In addition, the fine mode and coarse mode have a
positive correlation with humidity and a negative correlation
with temperature. In conclusion, unpaved roads are a
potential source of pollution, and although in this research
they do not exceed national and international air quality
standards, other studies indicate that the speed and type of
vehicle can cause high PM emissions; therefore, it is
necessary to implement prevention and control policies to
avoid public health problems.

The introduction of natural dyes, especially in the cotton fiber dyeing process, becomes more important year after year since the dyeing process has become more sustainable because conventional processes where synthetic dyes are used generate pollution and increase the carbon footprint in the textile industry. For this reason, this systematic review aims to identify different natural sources for obtaining dye that can be extracted from flowers, seeds, wood, and fruits, as well as the incorporation and use of mordants in the dyeing process. of cotton. To do this, a search for articles was carried out using the Scopus database. In addition, the PRISMA methodology was used, from which the inclusion and exclusion criteria were established for extracting articles where the application of natural dyes was identified, of which 16 articles corresponding to the topic were obtained. The analysis of the articles showed that it is possible to dye cotton fiber with natural dyes; some authors even propose the intervention and application of bio-mordants to make the dyeing process even more sustainable. Finally, the conclusion was reached to continue the corresponding studies and find new natural sources for creating new shades of dyes. These should also be implemented at an industrial level, as it would be a more sustainable option for the environment and the textile industry.

Pampas is a district located in the central Peruvian Andes; and the present contribution estimates the air quality during November and December 2023 in the district of Ahuaycha located in the department of Huancavelica - Peru. To estimate the air quality, the MINAM methodology is used for particles in fine and coarse mode. Where the results obtained were that the air quality for the months of November to December 2023 is Good; the opposite occurs on the days of November 13 and December 31, which are classified as moderate. Therefore, it is concluded that the vehicle fleet, like the festivities, can increase the concentration of particulate matter; and therefore it would be harmful to people's health, since over time it can cause different types of diseases when exposed to this air quality.

This research investigates the mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced concrete using banana pseudo stem fibers, following ACI and ASTM standards. A quantitative experimental approach was applied, fabricating 48 specimens, including four mix designs with fiber contents of 0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. The fibers underwent chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to enhance adhesion and mechanical properties.

Workability tests (ASTM C143, ASTM C231) showed a slump reduction as fiber content increased, from 4.5 inches (control) to 3 inches (2% fiber mix), while air content ranged from 1.5% to 2.0%. Compression tests (ASTM C39) at 7, 14, and 28 days indicated that only the 1% fiber mix exceeded the design f’c of 4000 psi, reaching 5309.9 psi at 28 days. Higher fiber percentages reduced compressive strength, with 2% fiber achieving only 4484 psi.

Flexural strength (ASTM C78) improved with fiber incorporation, with the 1% fiber mix reaching 640.2 psi, exceeding the 600 psi ACI requirement. However, higher fiber contents decreased modulus of rupture, with 2% fiber dropping to 485.3 psi.

The results demonstrate that 1% banana fiber enhances mechanical performance without compromising workability. Future studies should explore fiber-matrix interaction and alternative treatments to optimize sustainable fiber-reinforced concrete applications.

The circular economy of water in mining activity seeks to optimize the usefulness of the resource in the different processes of the sector, these can be treated through recycling and reuse of water, advanced dehydration of mineral tailings, wastewater treatment and among others. type of strategies or systems for better water management and sustainability. Therefore, the objective of the research is to analyze the methods and strategies of the circular economy of water in mining activity. To analyze the search, a systematic review was carried out of articles by scientists, scientific journals, reports, theses and government information which show response methods that involve a series of procedures and coordination between different levels to effectively manage water, to in turn minimize its environmental effects. Comparing two cases in relation to the integration of wastewater treatment and reuse systems, it is possible to demonstrate the viability and positive impact of being able to implement new circular water economy technologies, although for different contexts and with technologies adapted to the particularities of each environment.

Great amounts of vegetable waste are generated globally every year, which must be treated or, even, exploited to avoid environmental issues and improve resource use efficiency. This review analysis how to transform vegetable waste into glucose by means of acid hydrolysis and use the produced sugar as carbon source on Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) for energy generation. The research includes 18 papers that describe the hydrolyzation of 7 kinds of biomass into glucose, and 19 papers that study the electrical generation on glucose-fed MFCs. The highest power per glucose and glucose yield estimated were 5052 mW/g of glucose and 538 g of glucose/kg (of potato peal), respectively; corresponding to a biomass power of 2.8 kW/kg of potato peal. When sugarcane bagasse is analyzed, the highest glucose yield was 181.9 g/kg of bagasse, corresponding to a biomass power of 0.9 kW/kg of bagasse. Although MFCs are not a fully developed alternative to energy production yet, these results show its applicability.