Conference Agenda

Mangroves stand out for their great biodiversity, carbon storage and provision of resources to the populations that depend on them, but they are also considered very vulnerable to anthropic pressures and alteration of hydroclimatic patterns derived from global warming and El Niño-Southern Oscillation, which break the balance they need for their optimal development, so it is necessary to know the effects of hydroclimatic variability on the phenological dynamics of mangroves to contribute to a better management of their ecosystems. To this end, the relationship of changes in their vigor with hydroclimatic variability and the occurrence of ENSO in the department of Tumbes in Peru during the period 2015-2024 was analyzed. For this purpose, Landsat images were processed by calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in Google Earth Engine, in addition to hydrometeorological data and the El Niño Coastal Index. The results show a slight decrease in mangrove vigor associated with the reduction in rainfall, but with a stable average NDVI and percentage of unvegetated areas throughout the analysis period, which would indicate the maintenance of forest expansion. It was also found that the increase in rainfall and runoff (especially in the middle basin) increased mangrove vigor in the following months. It is concluded that mangrove vigor is positively affected by the occurrence of ENSO, rainfall and higher baseflow of rivers in the premontane zones and negatively affected by the downward trend of rainfall in the basin.

The Artesonraju glacier, located in the Cordillera Blanca of the Central Andes, is a key indicator of climate change and plays a crucial role in water supply in glacial basins. This research seeks to estimate the future retreat of Artesonraju in response to climate change. For this purpose, geospatial analysis tools (ArcMap, Google Earth Engine, USGS Earth Explorer, Python) and Landsat 5 and 7 (1986-2012) and Landsat 8 and 9 (2013-2023) satellite image data were used. The main indicator to measure retreat is the Glacial Equilibrium Line (ELA). To project the future evolution of ELA, a multiple linear regression model was used, considering the current temperature of the planet and the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The model presented a significant coefficient (R² = 0.76), indicating a moderate correlation between the variables ELA, year and precipitation. The results suggest that ELA could reach 5301 m.a.s.l. in RCP 4.5 and 5310 m.a.s.l. in RCP8.5, which would imply the disappearance of the glacier by 2073 and 2074, respectively.

Urban agriculture is an activity that generates global interest because of the benefits it purportedly brings to food systems. However, urban air quality can jeopardize the safety of urban crops due to the accumulation of heavy metals in the edible parts of plants. To do this, we grow the species Lactuca sativa and Beta vulgaris var. Cycling on balconies, terraces and parks in the district of Miraflores, the concentration of lead and cadmium present in the leaves was compared with the limits recommended by international organizations, and the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) indicator was calculated. The edible leaves had negligible concentrations of lead, but cadmium was found to be above the expected quality threshold for leafy vegetables established in the Codex Alimentarius.

This research addresses the study of an electric power generation system using green hydrogen fuel cells. The type of cell chosen uses a membrane as an electrolyte to perform proton exchange (PEMFC). The generation system is complemented by a three-phase hysteresis-controlled inverter. The work aims to evaluate the effect that four different types of strong variations in the three-phase load produce on the generation system. The evaluation is experimental at the simulation level, aiming to analyze the stability and quality of the energy supplied by the generation system. The study is implemented through simulations using MATLAB's Simulink. The research focuses on the regulation of active power by controlling the current in the direct axis (d axis), and the evaluation of the variables is developed in the time domain. The article concludes by observing the effects related to stability and quality through indicators such as settling time, overcurrent factor, and total harmonic distortion index among other indicators obtained from operating signals of the generation system.

Mining is an extremely important industry for Peru. However, its environmental impacts can be harmful, especially if they affect bodies of water near communities. In this sense, new environmental management instruments are being implemented. In this work, the ecological flow of a river affected by mining activity will be evaluated using the Tennant-Montana method. Taking the Santa River basin as a case study, the results showed that mining does not represent an activity that represents an exhaustive demand for water in the evaluated basin