In this presentation, an attempt is made to approach madness from surrealism, as it is captured in the early stages, e.g. by the case of Hieronymus Bosch, and by key representatives of the movement, such as Breton, Dali and Callas. These three surrealists were chosen among others for the present analysis as representatives of three distinct moments in the surrealist path. For a more complete understanding of the project, it was considered useful to include elements of the basic views on madness from the perspective of the critical approach in the sciences of psychiatry and psychology. The surrealist perspective seems to be close to this critical approach and has probably influenced it at the level where movements and scientific fields meet and influence each other.