Modern ‘authorship’ theories are always implicitly nostalgic to ancient concepts of authorship, and often viewing Mallarmé as a key intellectual resource. Mallarmé believes that literature is a mere game akin to pyrotechnics, yet a slight au-delà beyond tautological existence could be found through literature. In his ideal, the impersonal “Book” that summarizes the entire world eliminates chance through technology, thus rendering the author unnecessary. This essay will briefly review the technical existence behind the ancient cases of problematic authorship and attempt to clarify Mallarmé’s complex author-technology theory.

In the past two decades, Austrian writer Clemens J. Setz (1982-) and German writer Daniel Kehlmann (1975-) have both been among the most brghtest stars of the German literature. In recent years, they have experimented with and reflected on the concept of the machine author/machine writing in "Bot: Conversations Without the Author" (2018) and "My Algorithm and Me" (2021) respectively. Setz is particularly interested in the mirror relationship between the author's ontology, the author's persona, and the AI-author surrogate. In "Bot: Conversations Without an Author", he conducts an experiment where on one hand, he himself, and on the other hand, an AI surrogate based on his journal entries, both respond to interview questions, effectively conducting a Turing test. Through the ambiguity brought by the AI author surrogate, he questions the authenticity of the author's self-construction and other issues. The AI author, however, clearly fails the Turing test in Kehlmann's view. Based on his collaborative writing with an AI author from a Silicon Valley startup, which resembles a ping-pong game, he sometimes finds signs of inspiration from the AI author, but ultimately feels disappointed by the AI-generated content. For Kehlmann, the AI author is not artificial intelligence but rather artificial rationality, as algorithms cannot truly become a creative writing agent that provides continuous inspiration. The AI literary experiments of both authors not only allow them to experiment with AI-generated content and examine the uniqueness of authorship and literary creation but also respond to the core inquiry of "What is an author, what is literary creation?" from different perspectives.

隨著數位時代的發展，人工智能和區塊鏈技術與創意寫作日漸發展了不少的交匯可能。這個現象，為創作寫作帶來了前所未有的機遇和挑戰。本文將探討這些技術對創意寫作生態的變革性影響，研究它們如何重塑作者、智慧財產權、文學生產和發行。

人工智能，特別是透過 GPT-4 等複雜模型，已成為強大的創意媒介。人工智能的生成能力能夠產生一般的傳意文字，以及含有更豐富文藝價值的文學作品，包括詩歌、散文、小說和戲劇劇本等等。這個現象，引發了關於創造力、原創性和人類創作本質的問題。本文將深入探討人工智慧作為協作工具的作用，可以幫助作家集思廣益、編輯和增強他們的創作過程。與此同時，本文也將會探討，人工智慧生成內容的興起，所引申的倫理討論，包括作者身份、所有權以及機器創作作品與人工敘事相比的真實性。

除了人工智能之外，還有一個新的科技技術，也同時在逐漸改變創意寫作生態環境，那就是區塊鏈技術。區塊鏈技術為知識產權和權利管理提供了革命性的解決方案。透過提供去中心化和不可變的記錄，區塊鏈確保了作者身份的安全，並以前所未有的方式，來保護智慧財產權。此外，區塊鏈促進了新的發行和貨幣化途徑，使作家能夠繞過傳統的看門人並直接與觀眾互動。本論文的第二部分，將探討了智能合約在自動化版稅支付，以及保障作家公平報酬的潛力，繼而再進一步探討這種技術，將怎樣改變傳統的出版模式。

本文將從歷史背景，回顧當今的技術變革，與過去文學生產發展（例如印刷機、打字機和數位出版的出現） 怎樣改變了文藝創作的生態。文章將會追溯作者身份在歷史上的演變，探討每一次技術革新，怎樣重塑了文學創作和傳播的格局。

總括而言，本文將會以後人類主義和技術文化等理論架構，來探討人類創造力和人工知能的交匯情況，同時也會討論人工知能和區塊鏈技術對文學創作，乃至對物質文化的影響，探討這些技術所帶來的機遇和在道德倫理和社會層面的挑戰。通過這個研究，本文冀能讓我們在這些新技術之下，可以怎樣優化創意寫作的生態，培育更具活力、包容性和創新性的文學景觀。