Myths that we know today as fantastical fiction started out as accounts believed to be realist. Greek myths over the years have, after centuries of change, reached a stage when certain myths can be considered standard since they are the ones that survived the test of time and made a place for themselves. The research aims to explore Greek myths through the texts of Madeline Miller which revisit the famous Greek myths that find authenticity in Homer’s version of the same, dealing with Odysseus and Achilles. The primary texts acting as a doorway to these are Circe and The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller. The research proposes to unravel the symbols used in the texts, the dialogic narrative they build around the already popular myths, and their function in the formation of a culture. Revisionist mythmaking as a genre has evolved over the years and has made a place for itself in the literary sphere. Miller’s version of the myths explores the sidelined characters and develops their story around the main characters from the parent myths. This revisioning adds a new dimension to the myths and a new perspective for the readers to explore.

This study analyzes Jongmyo Shrine, a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in Korea, through the lens of Lotman's semiotic theory of space. Drawing on his concepts of cultural boundaries, spatial hierarchy, and the dynamic interplay between center and periphery, the study explores how Jongmyo's spatial organization embodies and reinforces Confucian principles. The shrine's architecture, with its emphasis on transitional spaces and the role of light, is interpreted as a semiotic system that facilitates the transformation of meaning and the creation of a sacred atmosphere. Furthermore, the presentation examines how Jongmyo's horizontal expansion over time reflects Lotman's notion of cultural texts as dynamic, evolving structures, signifying continuity and eternity. By investigating the interaction between physical structure and ritual performance through this framework, this study sheds light on Jongmyo's significance as a living semiotic text that transmits cultural memory and reinforces ideological values across generations.

The encoding and decoding of a text, akin to the chess puzzle of memory devised by Nabokov, represent a dialogue between reader and writer. Should either party fail to communicate, the symbols lose their efficacy. Symbols in a text typically inhabit a liminal space where positions of similarity and divergence converge, generating an exchange of experiences. Beyond humanity’s "known" domain, writers fixate on the unintelligible and uncodifiable—the unstable elements adrift within chaotic order. From Nabokov’s Speak, Memory to contemporary author Maria Stepanova’s In Memory of Memory, readers confront deviant clues—erratic signposts that paradoxically evoke existential authenticity. When conventional interpretive frameworks falter, readers must realign with the writer’s logic, enacting a form of symbolic rewriting. This rewriting redirects memory toward alternative hermeneutic pathways, unveiling silenced voices buried beneath historical ruins. We maintain that writers still desire the dialogue to persist; The volatile constituents within petrified systems catalyze symbolic renewal—a writerly act of dismantling monologic hierarchies, thereby emancipating readers from epistemic cul-de-sacs and reorienting them toward polyphony. Updating the symbolic system renews the textual world-model. An obsolete world-model—marked by the erasure of the Other and the hegemony of a singular center—perpetuates injustice in memory, rendering memory of the silent ones uninhabitable. Symbolic reconstruction thus carries redemptive significance, emphasis on polyphonic systemic interplay resonates with Habermas’s concept of the lifeworld. Stepanova’s In Memory of Memory summons the resurrection of the Other and the reconstitution of fragmented wholes. Her marked symbols guide readers into memory’s shadowed zones to recover those drowned by oppressive narratives, confronting the aftermath of 20th-century Otherness-erasure and step into a new world model.