Conference Agenda

The transition to electric mobility plays a crucial role in achieving Germany’s ambitious climate goals, with the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology offering a promising solution for stabilizing the energy grid and enhancing the integration of renewable energy. This study empirically examines individuals’ preferences for V2G energy tariffs using a stated choice experiment conducted with 6,198 citizens in Germany. Respondents chose between three different V2G tariffs and an opt-out choice option, with tariffs varying in attributes such as minimum monthly plug-in hours, fixed and variable remuneration, and guaranteed minimum range. Using mixed logit models estimated in willingness-to-accept (WTA) space, the results reveal a strong preference for the opt-out option, suggesting general skepticism toward V2G. However, respondents exhibit clear trade-offs: They are willing to forgo €2.35 in fixed remuneration for an additional kilometer of guaranteed range, but require €1.32 in compensation for an extra hour of minimum plug-in time. Our empirical analysis also highlights the presence of strong heterogeneity in preferences based on individual characteristics. Higher annual mileage and being female increase the likelihood of opting out, while owning a wallbox or having a larger household size reduces it. Additionally, wallbox owners are more flexible with plug-in time but demand higher compensation for reduced range, whereas PV system owners show the opposite pattern. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers aiming to design effective and widely accepted V2G tariffs, emphasizing the importance of financial incentives, flexible tariff structures, and targeted awareness campaigns to foster participation in V2G programs.